Which describes a military agreement among communist eastern European countries to defend each other?

• A. NATO
• B. Warsaw Pact
• C. SEATO
• D. CENTO

Answer: (B)

This item tests knowledge of Cold War era military alliances and how states pledged to defend one another. The Warsaw Pact was a formal defense agreement among communist Eastern European countries, established in 1955 under Soviet leadership to unify military command and provide mutual protection against external threats. It served as a counterweight to NATO and tied the Eastern Bloc’s armed forces into a single integrated structure.

NATO, by contrast, is a Western alliance of non-communist states formed to deter Soviet expansion; SEATO and CENTO were regional security pacts in Asia and the Middle East, not centered on Eastern European socialist states. That is why the description fits the Warsaw Pact as the alliance among communist eastern European countries to defend each other.