Which term refers to a loose grouping of states that come together for a common political purpose?

• A. Federation
• B. Confederation
• C. Union
• D. Coalition

Answer: (B)

The idea being tested is a loose alliance of independent states that cooperate on shared political goals while keeping their own sovereignty. A confederation exactly fits this description: member states delegate limited powers to a central body created by the agreement, but retain sovereignty and can operate independently on most matters. The central authority is typically weak and acts only on tasks the member states authorize.

By contrast, a federation involves a stronger central government with authority over national policies and often reshapes the balance of power between central and subnational units. A union is a broader term for a political unit formed by joining entities and sharing some sovereignty, not necessarily implying a loose, weak central authority. A coalition is usually a temporary alliance for a specific goal, not a lasting political arrangement.

So, the term that best matches a loose grouping of states coming together for a common political purpose is confederation.