Which term refers to the supreme authority of a state to govern itself without external interference?

• A. National ity
• B. Self Determination
• C. Apartheid
• D. Sovereignty

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is sovereignty—the full, supreme authority of a state to govern its territory and affairs without external interference. Sovereignty means a government can make and enforce laws, manage resources, and conduct foreign relations as an independent actor in international law, free from outside control over its internal matters.

Nationality is about the legal bond between a person and a state—citizenship—rather than the state's own authority. Self-determination refers to the right of peoples to determine their political status and development, not the mechanism by which a state exercises power. Apartheid describes a policy of racial segregation, not the principle of a state's self-governing power. So, sovereignty is the term that best fits.