Which theory posits that Eurasia was the world island and key to dominating the world?

• A. Rimland theory
• B. World-Island theory
• C. Heartland theory (Mackinder)
• D. Domination theory

Answer: (C)

The idea being tested is that control of the interior of Eurasia would grant the power to dominate the world because that vast landmass—the Heartland—serves as the strategic hinge for global influence. This view, put forward by Halford Mackinder, identifies the Heartland as the pivot area whose mastery allows a power to project power across Europe and Asia and, by extending influence over the World-Island (the combined landmass of Eurasia and Africa), achieve global dominance. The term World-Island emphasizes that most human populations and economic activity are concentrated on these landmasses, making land power here exceptionally decisive. So, the theory that specifically links Eurasia to being the world island and to global domination is the Heartland theory. The Rimland theory argues that the coastal fringe around Eurasia is the key instead, focusing on sea power and peripheral regions, which is a different strategic emphasis.